Showing posts with label 人生. Show all posts
Showing posts with label 人生. Show all posts

Monday, September 7, 2015

羅盛威‧美國是這樣培養孩子思維能力

本屆的小六會考(UPSR),將是舊課程綱要下的最後一屆。至於明年如何,考試格式至今未定。無論如何,小學課程標準(KSSR)綱要下的考試,將不再強調死記硬背,而將著重思維能力的訓練。

新課程綱要非常重視高思維題(KBAT)。所謂“高思維題”,就是評鑒和創造的題目,簡單來說就是“你怎麼看”。比方說,讀畢某篇文章,就問“你若是當事人,你怎麼處理?”,又或者“對於作者的為人,你有甚麼意見?”,諸如此類。此類題目的特點,就是沒有標準答案,學生可以各抒己見。

最近一篇文章引起了我的注意。作者陳志武,耶魯大學管理學院終身教授,也是一名經濟學家。他在文中提及他兩個女兒在美國受教育的情形。

他說,美國從幼兒園開始,就非常重視思維能力的培養。學校採用兩個方法——課堂表述和辯論。課堂上,教師儘量製造機會,讓孩子多發言,多發表意見,多談談自己的經歷,甚至必要時,製造一些場景讓孩子辯論。

作者所在的多數校區,要求學生到了四年級或五年級,都必須掌握科學方法。所謂科學方法的訓練,包括5個方面;第一,提出問題和假設;第二,根據所提問題尋找數據;第三,分析數據,檢驗假設真偽;第四,根據分析所得提出結論;以及第五,書寫文章或報告。有關這5個方面,讀過大學的人並不陌生,書寫論文就是如此,而美國卻讓孩子從小就經歷這個過程。

作者指出,他的兩個女兒升上四年級後,學校老師就用了一年時間來講解甚麼是科學方法。光聽不練,知識就會流於抽像,因此老師還會舉例,讓學生進行實驗。透過親身參與,學生就確確實實學會提出問題,然後分析思考。

此外,美國小學階段的教育,還非常重視項目研究。每門課每個學期,總會給學生安排幾個“項目”作業,要求學生完成。

所謂的“項目”,包括4個方面——第一,自擬題目;第二,查找資料及分析研究;第三,整理資料及書寫報告;以及第四,課上匯報成果。

簡單來說,美國是從小就培養孩子的思維能力,而不是等到孩子已經長大(那個時候思維模式已經固化,再努力也回天乏術)。再說,有關思維能力的培養,也不是靠“我說你聽”,而是讓孩子親臨其境,透過“自己摸索、動手找資料、辨別真偽”的過程,從中慢慢訓練出來。

我國的教育模式要轉型,課堂教學模式就要轉型。這個過程,不是光靠幾個口號,幾個激動人心的標語就可以改變的,它須要靠那些真正有意改變現狀的教育工作者去完成。(星洲日報/言路‧作者 :羅盛威)


點看全文:http://opinions.sinchew.com.my/node/37605?tid=38#ixzz3l7KWq41A
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Saturday, November 14, 2009

妻子的空位 (The Irreplaceable Void)

妻子的空位 (The Irreplaceable Void)
So touching and can't resist not to share with you....crying~


是一篇很值得分享的故事

A story worth sharing

我的妻子因為意外事故離開我身邊已經四年了,我想,妻子留下不會做任何家事的我和孩子,她的心有何等難過呢?我也因為無法兼顧父母雙親的角色而感到挫折。有一天我為了出差,清晨趕出門,無法將孩子打點好就得離開家,正巧前一天有剩下的飯,我熱了蒸蛋,向還沒有睡醒的孩子交代一聲,就出門去了。



4 years ago, an accident took my beloved away and very often I wonder, how does my wife, who is now in the heavenly realm, feel right now? She must be feeling extremely sad for leaving a husband who is incapable to taking care of the house and the kid. 'cos that is the exact feeling that I have, as I feel that I have failed to provide for the physical and emotional needs of my child, and failed to be the dad and mum for my child.

There was one particular day, when I had an emergency at work. Hence, I had to leave home whilst my child was still sleeping. So thinking that there was still rice leftovers, I hastily cooked an egg and left after informing my sleepy child.




為了照顧好孩子飲食三餐的事,我也無力把自己的工作做好。有一天晚上回到家,我只是很簡短地和孩子打個招呼,就因為身體疲累,不想吃晚餐,脫掉西裝之後就直接往床上躺下。就在那個時候,砰的一聲,紅色的湯汁跟泡麵瞬時弄髒了床單和被單,原來有碗泡麵在棉被裡!這小子真是的,說時遲那時快,我即時拿起一個衣架,跑出去,往正玩著玩具的兒子的屁股就打,因為我實在是太生氣了,所以不停地打他。但就在這個時候,他邊啜泣邊說了一段話,使我停了下來。

With the double roles, I am often exhausted at work as well as when I am home. So after a long day, I came home, totally drained of all energy. So with just a brief hug and kiss for my child, I went straight into the room, skipping dinner. However, when I jumped into my bed with intention of just having a well-deserved sleep, all I heard and felt was broken porcelain and warm liquid! I flipped open my blanket, and there lies the source of the 'problem'... a broken bowl with instant noodles and a mess on the bed sheet and blanket!

Boy, was I mad! I was so furious that I took a clothes hanger, charged straight at my child who was happily playing with his toy, and give him a good spanking! He merely cried but not asking for mercy, except a short explanation:

兒子告訴我說:「飯鍋裡的飯早上已經吃完了,晚餐在幼稚園吃了,但是到了晚上,爸爸還不回來,我就在櫥櫃的抽屜裡找到了泡麵。可是我想到爸爸說不能亂動瓦斯爐,所以我就打開洗澡的水龍頭,用熱水泡了泡麵,一個自己吃,另一個想留給爸爸吃。因為怕泡麵涼掉,所以我就把它放在棉被裡,等你回來。可是因為我正在玩向朋友借來的玩具,所以忘了跟爸爸講。」

"Dad, I was hungry and there wasn't anymore leftover rice. But you were not back yet, hence I wanted to cook some instant noodles. But I remembered you reminding me not to touch or use the gas stove without any adults around, hence I turned on the shower and used the hot water from the bathroom to cook the noodles. One is for you and the other is for me. However, I was afraid that the noodles will turn cold, so I hid it under the blanket to keep it warm till you return. But I forgot to remind you 'cos I was playing with my toys...I am sorry Dad..."

我不想讓兒子看到我在流淚,所以衝到洗手間,將水龍頭打開,大聲地哭。過了一陣子之後,我打起精神來,一面哄著兒子,一面也在他屁股上擦藥,讓他上床睡覺。當我清理好泡麵弄髒的床單和棉被後,打開兒子的房門一看,發現他仍舊發出哭泣聲,手裡還拿著媽媽的照片。我把頭靠在房門站了許久,看著這一幕。

At that moment, tears were starting to run down my cheeks...but I didn't want my son to see his dad crying so I dashed into the bathroom and cried with the shower head on to mask my cries. After that episode, I went towards my son to give him a tight hug and applied medication on him, while coaxing him to sleep. Then, it was time to clear up the mess on the bed. When everything was done and well past midnight, I passed my son's room, and saw that he was still crying, not from the pain on his little buttock, but from looking at the photograph of his beloved mummy.

自從在一年前發生這件事之後,我為了扮演好媽媽的角色,更加用心地去照顧他。現在兒子快七歲了,不久後就要從幼稚園畢業,進入國小讀書。慶幸的是,兒子在這段時間毫無陰影,很開朗地成長。

A year has passed since the episode, I have tried, in this period, to focus on giving him both the love of his dad and mum, and to attend to most of his needs. And soon, he is turning seven, and will be graduating from kindergarten. Fortunately, the incident did not leave a lasting impression on his childhood memories and he is still happily growing up.

就在不久前,我再一次打孩子,因為幼稚園來電話說,兒子沒有去學校,我心裡覺得很不安,所以早退回家,在整個社區裡大聲地喊他的名字,卻是遍尋不著。後來在文具店的門?f,看見他站在電玩的前面,於是我很生氣,又開始一直打他。兒子並沒有說出任何的解釋,只說了聲對不起。後來我才知道,原來剛好是幼稚園要邀請媽媽去看才藝表演的日子。

However, not so long ago, I hit my boy again, with much regret. This time, his kindergarten teacher called, informing me of my son's absence from school. I took off early from work and went home, expecting him to explain. But he wasn't to be found, so I went around our house, calling out his name and eventually found him outside a stationery shop, happily playing computer games. I was fuming, brought him home and whack the hell out of him. He did not retaliate, except to say, 'I am sorry, Dad'. But after much probing, I realized that it was a 'Talent Show' organized by his school and the invite is for every student's mummy. And that was the reason for his absence as he has no mummy.....

發生這些事的幾天後,兒子回家說,他在幼稚園裡學了寫字,從此他經常關在自己的房間裡不出來,很認真地寫字。我看到兒子這個樣子,想到妻子在天國也一定會因為看到他這樣而微笑,我就無法忍住淚水。

Few days after the caning, my son came home to tell me, the kindergarten has recently taught him how to read and write. Since then, he has kept to himself and stayed in his room to practice his writing, which I am sure, would make my wife proud, if she was still around. 'cos he makes me proud too!

時間很快,又過了一年,到了冬天,街頭上都在播放著聖誕節的歌曲,我的兒子卻又闖了一個禍。我正要下班的時候,接到一通社區郵局的電話,說我兒子把一綑沒有寫地址的信,惡作劇地放在郵筒裡。每年到了年底,正是郵局最忙碌的時候,所以這對他們造成很大的困擾。雖然我已決定不再打孩子,但在急忙趕回家後,叫了兒子來,我又忍不住痛打他一頓。兒子這一次只是說他做錯了,卻沒有講出任何理由。我把他推到一個角落,不管了,自個兒跑到郵局領回那一綑惡作劇的信。我把信丟到他眼前說:「你為什麼要這樣惡作劇?」兒子哭著回答說:「這些信是我要寄給媽媽的。」

Time passes by very quickly, and soon another year has passed. It's winter, and its Christmas time. Everywhere the Christmas spirit is in every passer-by...Christmas carols and frantic shoppers....but alas, my son got into another trouble. When I was about to knock off from the day's work, the post office called. Due to the peak season, the post master was also on an edgy mood. He called to tell me that my son has attempted to post several letters with no addressee. Although I did make a promise never to hit my son again, I couldn't help but to hit him as I feel that this child of mine is really beyond control. Once again, as before, he apologized, ' I'm sorry, Dad' and no additional reason to explain. I pushed him towards a corner, went to the post office to collect the letters with no addressee and came home, and angrily questioned my son on his prank, during this time of the year.

His answer, amidst his sobbing, was : The letters were for Mummy.

當時我的眼眶紅了起來,心裡很激動,但是因為在兒子面前,所以我盡量隱忍住沒有表現出來。我接著問他:「那麼,為什麼一次寄這麼多信呢?」兒子回答說:「以前我要把信投進去的時候,因為個兒太矮,所以沒辦法投入,但是最近我再去郵筒時,已經搆得到了,所以我就把以前沒有寄的,一次全部都投進入了。」

My eyes grew teary, but I tried to control my emotions and continued to ask him: " But why did u post so many letters, at one time?" My son's reply was: " I have been writing to mummy for a long time, but each time I reach out for the post box, it was too high for me, hence I was not able to post the letters. But recently, when I went back to the postbox, I could reach it and I sent it all at once..."

我聽了以後,心中一片茫然,不知道該對孩子說什麼話。過了不久以後,我就跟他說:「媽媽現在在天上,以後你寫完信,把信燒了,就能送到天國去。」等孩子睡著之後,我到外面燒了那些信。我很好奇到底孩子想跟媽媽說些什麼,所以讀了其中的幾封信。

After hearing this, I was lost. Lost at not knowing what to do, what to say......

I told my son, " Son, mummy is in the heavenly kingdom, so in future, if you have anything to tell her, just burn the letter and it will reach mummy. My son, on hearing this, was much pacified and calm, and soon after, he was sleeping soundly. On promising that I will burn the letters on his behalf, I brought the letters outside, but couldn’t help opening the letter before they turn to ash.

而當中有一封信攪動了我的心。

And one of the letters broke my heart....

親愛的媽媽:
我很想念你!媽媽,今天在幼稚園有才藝表演,但是因為我沒有媽媽,所以沒有去參加,我也沒有告訴爸爸,怕爸爸會想念媽媽。爸爸到處去找我,但我為了讓爸爸看到我很開心的樣子,所以故意坐在電動玩具面前,雖然爸爸罵我,但是我到最後也沒有告訴他原因。媽媽,我每天都看到爸爸因為想念媽媽而哭泣,我想爸爸也跟我一樣,很想念媽媽吧!但是,媽,我現在已經記不清楚你的臉。媽媽,請你讓我在夢中,再一次能夠看到你的臉,好嗎?聽說把想念的人的照片放在懷裡睡覺,就會夢到那個人。可是,媽媽,為什麼你沒有出現在我的夢裡呢?」

Dear Mummy,

I miss you so much! Today, there was a 'Talent Show' in school, and the school invited all mothers for the show. But you are not around, so I did not want to participate as well. I did not tell Dad about it as I was afraid that Dad would start to cry and miss you all over again. Dad went around looking for me, but in order to hide my sadness, I sat in front of the computer and started playing games at one of the shops. Dad was furious, and he couldn’t help it but scolded and hit me, but I did not tell him the real reason. Mummy, everyday I see Dad missing you and whenever he think of you, he is so sad and often hide and cry in his room. I think we both miss you very very much. Too much for our own good I think. But Mummy, I am starting to forget your face. Can you please appear in my dreams so that I can see your face and remember you? I heard that if you fall asleep with the photograph of the person whom you miss, you will see the person in your dreams. But mummy, why haven’t you appear?


讀完這封信以後,我就開始嚎啕大哭。到底什麼時候,我才能填補妻子的空位呢?

After reading the letter, I cant stop sobbing. 'cos I can never replace the irreplaceable gap left behind by my wife....


給 已經結婚的女同事:

不要加太多班,工作做不完,一定是公司的某些地方出問題了,一定要將問題反應給妳的老闆,一直加班也不見的有用的,請務必要照顧自己的身體,才可以好好疼惜妳的小寶貝。

For the females with children:

Don't do so much overtime. If you cannot finish the work, it must be some kind of problems within the company, and it is not your sole problem. Feedback to your boss. Endless overtime may not necessary be the answer to the problem. Take care of your health so that you can treasure and take care of your little precious.

給 已經結婚的男同事:

不要喝太多酒,不要抽太多煙,請問我們的生意,我們的客戶,有比我們的身體重要嗎?
一定要想一想,有沒有辦法做到客人非我們不行,我們的差異化在哪裡,我們是否真的懂客人的心,這比拼命喝酒,還重要,請務必要照顧自己的身體,才可以好好疼惜妳的小寶貝和你的愛人。

For the married men:

Drink less, smoke less, cos nothing can replace your good health, not even business nor clients.

Try thinking this way, are you able to work till your clients are totally dependent on you? or your boss is totally dependent on you? In this society, no one is indispensable.

Take care of your health, so that you can take care of your little precious and your loved ones.

給 還沒有結婚的男同事和女同事:

For those singles out there:

Beauty lies in loving yourself first.

With confidence and loving yourself, you will see the beauty in other things around you. You will be able to work better and happier. Don't let your health be affected by your work or your boss, so nothing matters more than your well being.
美其實是從愛自己的身體開始 --(蔣勳,身體美學)。
無入而不自得 -- (孔子)。

妳/你們一定要很自在,工作才能做的好,如果工作讓你/妳們的心情做的很辛苦,代表的是我們的公司不夠聰明,那也是公司什麼地方不對了,要勇敢的說出來,不要讓不聰明的工作與老闆,傷害了妳/你們的身體。

Friday, July 17, 2009

明哲保身的大智慧 ─ ─ 有用和無用

这是《庄子》里头的故事:

一名木匠带著几名徒弟到齐国去。师徒一行走到一个山路拐弯处,看见一座土地神庙,旁边有棵巨大无比的栎树。大到什么程度呢?它的树荫可以容纳好千头牛在树下休息;树干粗直,好几丈高之后才见分枝,而这些枝□,粗到可以拿来当做造船材料的,就有好几十支。许多路人围观,啧啧称奇,只有这名木匠瞄了一眼,掉头就走。

徒弟们看腻之后,追上师父,问说:「生平未见过这么高大华美的树木,师父怎么不看就走了呢?」

没想到徒儿眼中的奇树神木,在师父眼里竟然只是不值一文的朽木。他说:「这棵树没什么用。用来做船会沈,做棺材会腐烂,做器具会败坏,做门窗会流出树汁,做柱子会长蛀虫。但就因为没有用,才会这么长寿,这样高大。」

晚上,木匠梦见这棵大树对他说:「你怎么说我没用呢?你想想看,那些有用的橘、梨、柚树,果实成熟时,就被人拉扯攀折,树很快就死了。一切有用的东西无不如此。你眼中的无用,对我来说,正是大用。假如我像你所说的有用,岂不早被砍了吗?」

木匠醒来,若有所悟。他把梦境告诉徒弟。徒弟问说:「它既然向往无用,为什么要长在土地庙旁边,引人注意?」

木匠答说;「它如果不长在庙边,而在路中央,不就被人砍了当柴烧吗?」

■解析

这个故事告诉我们什么?

1世间没有绝对的标准,「有用/没用」「美/丑」「有成就/没有 成就」,甚至于长短、胖瘦等价值观,都是人为所订定,随时代 演进而变,依社会发展而异。用绝对的尺来丈量,并用来做为衡量得失的判准,只会自寻苦恼。

2庄子说:「人皆知有用之用,而莫知无用之用也。」事实上,没有用的用处,才是最大的用处。

3当环境不利生存时,很多人想明哲保身而不得。从庄子这个故事 可知,即使想当个「是非红尘不到我」的自了汉,想要明哲保身, 也需要大智慧。强出头,锋芒毕露,还妄想不遭人忌,那是不可 能的。然而,以无用之姿,出现在世人面前,也要慎选环境,像 故事里的木树,长在庙边,人家不敢动它脑筋,反之,长在路中央,必死无疑。

《庄子.人间世篇》

【小智典】祸兮福之所倚,福兮祸之所伏

有句话说:「安危相易,祸福相生。」乐极往往生悲,大难不死往往会有后福。世间事颇难逆料,得失不必看得过重。《老子》(《道德经》)说:「祸兮福之所倚,福兮祸之所伏。」也是同样的意思。塞翁失马,焉知非福?祸福常常相连,一前一后,先来后来的差别而已。

http://www.hctvnews.net/hc_web/php_hc_read.php?n=11885

Saturday, December 6, 2008

误会

        早年在美国阿拉斯加地方,有一对年轻人结婚,婚后生育,他的太太因难产而死,遗下一孩子。

  他忙生活,又忙于看家,因没有人帮忙看孩子,就训练一只狗,那狗聪明听话,能照顾小孩,咬着奶瓶喂奶给孩子喝,抚养孩子。

  有一天,主人出门去了,叫它照顾孩子。

  他到了别的乡村,因遇大雪,当日不能回来。第二天才赶回家,狗立即闻声出来迎接主人。他把房门开一看,到处是血,抬头一望,床上也是血,孩子不见了,狗在身边,满口也是血,主人发现这种情形,以为狗性发作,把孩子吃掉了,大怒之下,拿起刀来向着狗头一劈,把狗杀死了。

  之后,忽然听到孩子的声音,又见他从床下爬了出来,于是抱起孩子;虽然身上有血,但并未受伤。

  他很奇怪,不知究竟是怎么一回事,再看看狗身,腿上的肉没有了,旁边有一只狼,口里还咬着狗的肉;狗救了小主人,却被主人误杀了,这真是天下最令人惊奇的误会。

  注:误会的事,是人往往在不了解。无理智。无耐心。缺少思考。未能多方体谅对方,反省自己,感情极为冲动的情况之下所发生。

  误会一开始,即一直只想到对方的千错万错;因此,会使误会越陷越深,弄到不可收拾的地步,人对无知的动物小狗发生误会,尚且会有如此可怕严重的后果,这样人与人之间的误会,则其后果更是难以想象。

source: http://www.duwenzhang.com/wenzhang/renshengzheli/20081126/26615.html

宽大

这是一个来自越战归来的士兵的故事。他从旧金山打电话给他的父母,告诉他们:“爸妈,我回来了,可是我有个不情之请。我想带一个朋友同我一起回家。”“当然好啊!”他们回答“我们会很高兴见到的。”

  不过儿子又继续下去“可是有件事我想先告诉你们,他在越战里受了重伤,少了一条胳臂和一只脚,他现在走投无路,我想请他回来和我们一起生活。”

  “儿子,我很遗撼,不过或许我们可以帮他找个安身之处。”父亲又接着说“儿?你不知道自己在说些什么。像他这样残障的人会对我们的生活造成很大的负担。我们还有自己的生活要过,不能就让他这样破坏了。我建议你先回家然后忘了他,他会找到自己的一片天空的。”就在此时儿子挂上了电话,他的父母再也没有他的消息了。

  几天后,这对父母接到了来自旧金山警局的电话,告诉他们亲爱的儿子已经坠楼身亡了。警方相信这只是单纯的自杀案件。于是他们伤心欲绝地飞往旧金山,并在警方带领之下到停尸间去辨认儿子的遗体。

  那的确是他们的儿子没错,但惊讶的是儿子居然,只有一条胳臂和一条腿。

  故事中的父母就和我们大多数人一样。要去喜爱面貌姣好或谈吐风趣的人很容易,但是要喜欢那些造成我们不便和不快的人却太难了。我们总是宁愿和那些不如我们健康,美丽或聪明的人保持距离。

source: http://www.duwenzhang.com/wenzhang/renshengzheli/20081126/26615.html

Tuesday, December 2, 2008

前任,后任

马英九

我在台北市8年,也被“水扁”了好多次,事实上你在任内发生水患,大部分发生水患的原因,都不是你上任之后才发生的,一定是之前就有的,但是呢?我们不要把责任推给前任,但是我至少不要把问题留给后任。

——台湾总统马英九昨天参加了一场水患治理论坛,暗讽其前任陈水扁。 (2008-11-17)